Automatic pistol.



R. E. TLYBERG.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 23. 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

By zi Attorneys:

Patented M3146, 1909.

R. E. PLYBERG. AUTOMATIC PISTOL PPLIOTION FILED NOV. 23,1907. 91 5,087. Patented Mar. 16, 1909. y 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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RICHARD E. FLYBERG, or HALsTAD, MINNESOTA.

AiIToMATIo PISTOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 16,1909.

Application filed' November 23, 1907. Serial No. 408,441.

To all whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, RICHARD E. FLYBERG,

a citizen of. the United States,-residing atv vHalstad, 1n the county of Norman and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Pistols; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use A the same.

V vices hereinafter described and defined in the claims. v

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is'a view partlyY in side elevation, but principally 1n vertica section, showing the improved automatic pistol. Fig. 2 shows the improved pistol in sideelevation, with the barrel, handle and certain other portions broken away. Fig. 3 isa view corresponding approximately to Fig. 1, but with some parts broken away and showing the partsin positions occupied immediately after a cartridge has been exlodedand reacted upon the breech block.

ig. 4 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical Section and with some parts roken away, illustrating the normal position of the arts, that is, the positions occupled when t e hammer is cocked and the pistol readyto fire. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the implI-Ipved istol. Fig. 6 is a view coI- respon g to ig. 5 with some parts broken away and some parts shown in vertical section. Figs. 7 and 8 are views chiefiy in section Aon the line x7 msof Fig. 3, but with the cartridge magazine and breech block shown in full. Fig. 9 is a detail in plan, showing a small latch spring which serves to prevent a forward movement of the breech block when a cartridge magazinekis removed; and Fig. 10 is a detail in section on the line :v10 m10 of Fig. 3, some parts bein broken away.

' The plstol barre 1 is screwed into or otherwise rigidly secured to the forward end of a receiver or sliding casing 2. The casin 2 is connected for sliding movements in a irection parallel to the ,axis of the barrel 1, to

the upper end portion of a heavy recessed handle 3, this sliding connection being preferably madeby iiange and groove joints 4, bestshown in Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive. The handle 3 is recessed to afford a seat or pocket for the rece tion of the cartridge magazine 5 that 'is pre'erably constructed of thin sheet metal and is provided witha follower 6 yieldingly pressed upward by a spring 7.

The cartridges in the magazine 5 are indicated by the character z. The upper end of the magazine 5 is open butthe sides thereof are provided with reverselyI curvedI inturned stop fingers 9 that engage the butt end of the uppermost cartridge to prevent the same from being thrown out of the magazine by upward pressure from the spring pressed follower 6. The upper cartridge, when engaged with the stop fingers 9 may, however, be removed from the magazine by a forward sliding movement, yall as will hereinafter more fully appear. At its lower end, the magazine 5 is provided with a pair of reversely acting spring pressed lock dogs 10 that are pivotally connected to said magazine, have finger pieces 10a by means .of which they may be forced into ino erative osition, and are provided with lock ugs 10b ior engagement with internal notches in the handle 3, as best shown in Fig. 6. As best shown in Fig. 3, the upper surfaces'of the finger pieces 10a are rou hencd. The numeral 11 indicates cheekpieces which prefer-l ably have dove-tailed engagement with the sides of the handle 3, as shown in Fig.- 10, and are'detachably securable to the sides of said handle. K The hammer 12 works in the recessed upper portion of the' handle 3 and is pivotally connected tothe sides thereof by a pivot pin 13. This hammer is provided with a sharp firing nose 14, a lock lug 15 and a bearing lug 16. The 'hammer is subject to a hammer spring 17, the lower end of which is suitably secured to the handle 3, as shown, by means of a screw 18, and theufree upper end of which engages the bearing lug 16 of said hammer.

The hammer is arranged to be held in its cocked position, shown in Fig. 4, by a stop lug 19 carried by a small sear 20 pivotally mounted on a lshaft 21 secured to the sides of the handle 3. This sear 20 is further provided with a tripping lug 22 and with a third 110 bar 26 is va sliding upwardly spring-pressed tripping abutment 28, shown as in the form of a spring-pressed sleeve, the upper end of which is adapted to engage with the tripping lug 22 of the sear 20. Also in the forward portion of the trigger bar 26, just rearward of the sear tripping sleeve or abutment 28, is a stop lug 29. A

Working within the receiver 2 and having a sliding movement therein in a direction of the extended axis of the barrel 1 is a breech block which, as shown, is recessed to receive a considerable portion of a coiled retracting spring 31, the rear portion of which spring is coiled around a retaining pin 32 secured at its rear end to the rear end of the casing 2 and adapted to be telescoped with the said spring 1nto said breech block, as shown in Flg. 3. At its eXtreme forward end the breech block 30 is-recessed to afford a seat for a small pivoted spring-pressed latch dog 33, which is adapted to engage the rim of the cartridge under rearward movement of the breech block, all as will hereinafter more fully appear. The lower forward portion of the breech block 31 is recessed at 34 to afford clearance for the point or free end of the hammer 12, and to rovidethe said breech block with a smal transverse push bar 35 that is adapted under forward movement of the breech block to engage the flange of the upper shell of the magazine and force the same into the pistol barrel. To hold the breech block against rotation in respect to the receiver, the latter isshown as provided y with longitudinal guide ribs 36 that work in grooves 1n the opposite sides of said breech block.. rlhe entlre bottom of thel breech block 1s double grooved to afford clearance 'for the upper ends of the magazine fingers 9 (see. partlcularly Figs. 6 and 7). As a convement-means for pulling the breech block backward by hand, and as required in order to put the first cartridge into the istol barrel, a through said breech block and'works through longitudinal slots 39 in the sides of the receiver 2. The pin 38 is rovided, at its outer ends, with cup-shaped ger pieces 40 which ilvekthe fingers a good hold on the breech Working within the recess of the receiver 2 and pivoted at its rear end to the rear porpin 38 is extended diametrlcally tion` thereof is a strong vertically swinging breech lock or pivoted lock piece 41, the free forward end of which normally stands as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, in position to lock the breech block against rearward movement in respect to said receiver. The free end ortion of this breech lock 41 is supporte by and pivotally connected to the upper ends of.,

a pair of short links 42, the lower ends of which are pivotally connected, by a pin 43, to the recessed upper rear portion of the handle 3. A coiled compression spring 44 reacts against a shoulder on the free end portion of the breech lock 41, and against a lblock 45 which, as shown, and preferred, is detachably held to the rear upper portion of the handle 3 by a pin 46. The force of this spring 44 is such that it tends to buckle the toggle made up of the breech lock 41 and links 42 and, hence, hold the said breech lock in lits operative position, shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

The numeral 47 indicates a small leaf spring that is seated in a groove 48 (see Figs. 3, 7 and 8) formed in the receiver 2. At its free end this spring is provided with a laterally projecting ock lip 49 adapted to be normally sol engaged and pressed into the'inoperative position shown in Fig. 7, by one of the magazine fingers 9,and to spring into the position shown in Fig. 8 when the magazine is removed, all for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

The construction described makes itpossible to apply one of the sight ieces 50 to the end of the barrel and the ot er sight piece 51 to the rearend of the receiver 2, and this construction is important because it rigidl f connectsfboth sights in respect to the barrel, and thus makes possible accurate shooting.

Working in an opening in the rearwardly curved upper portion of the handle 3 is a socalled primary safety lock, shown as in the form of a snialllever 52 pivotally connected to said handle by a pin 53 and provided with a short forwardly projecting lock arm 54 -that is adapted to engage the notched rear end of the trigger bar 26, as shown in Fig. 4, to thereby lock the said triggerbar and, hence, the trigger, in its forward or inoperatlve position. The said lock lever 52 is shown as provided with a spring extension 55that engages a web 55a of the handle 3 to yieldmgly hold the said lever 52 and its arm 54 1n opera tive position shown in Fig. 4. l also rovide a so-called secondary safety lock Wh1ch acts r 915,087 as u two positions. The lower intermediate porl tion of the receiver 2 vis provided with a shoulder 5S that is adapted to engage the lug l 27 of the trigger bar 26 under rearward niovement of the receiver. l

The normal position of the parts, that is, the position in which the parts are all at rest and the hammer is in a cocked position, are shown iii Fig. 4. In this position of the parts the arm 54 of the primary safety lock holds the trigger bar and, hence, the trigger 25, against movement, and the eccentric or segmental portion of the second ary lock device or lock bolt 56 positively holds the said lock arm 54 iii engagement with the trigger bar 26. W'Ylien, however, by a movement of the lever 57 toward the rear, the lock segment 56 of the pin or bolt 43 is 'turned slightly so that its cut away portion is above the free end of the arm 54, the said arm is free for upward movement when the lever 52 is pressed forward into the recess in the handle 3, as shown in Fig. 1. The said lever 52 will be thus pressed inward whenever the handle 3 is firm y gripped in the hand and, furthermore, the person holding the pistol may, at

-block further compresses the spring 31 so any time, and without danger of -discharging Il the pistol, determine whether or not the| positive secondary lock is applied,-simply by l attempting to press inward the said lever 52.

The release of the hammer requires first that the secondary lock be in an inoperative position; second,that the primary vsafety lock be in released position; and third,- that tlie trigger 25 be forced rearward by the finger engaged therewith. When the trig ger is forced rearward its tripping abutment :28, by engagement with the lug 22, oscillates the sear 2() far enough to carry its lock lug 19 above the cooperating lock lug 15 on the hammer and thus the hammer is released, and when released is thrown against the cartridge by itsspring 17, as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 shows the position of the parts the instant that the cartridge is struck by the hammer and exploded, but before the recoil has become effective on the breech block and receiver. The force of the recoil is delivered directly to the breech block 3() and under its initial movement is forced directly against the breech lock 41, so that the receiver and the barrel will be driven rearward by said breech lock, against the tension of both springs 81 and 44. The rearward movement of the receiver 2 causes the toggle made up of the breech lock 41 and links 42 to straighten out so as to carry the l free end of the said breech lock below the breech block, as shown in Fig. 3, whereupon further rearward movement of the breech that the breechblock-'moves to its extreme rearward position in respect to the receiver, to-wit, into the position shown in Fig. 3. The extreme rearward movement of the the ejector dog or hook 33 to pull the fired shell from the bai'rel and throws the lower portion of the flange thereof against the magazine fingers 9, so that the shell is ejected from the pistol by 'an upward whirling movement.

While the breech block, receiver and bai'- rel are in their i'earn'iost position, shown in Fig. 3,' the spring-pressed magazine follower 6 raises slightly the cartridges in the magazine, so that the i'eai end of the cartridge shell is pressed into engagement with the magazine fingers 9. The breech blockholds the breech lock 41 pressed downward until the said breech block has been again moved forward into engagement with the breech of the barrel, whereupon the said breech lock, being released, will be moved upward by the spring 44aiid the receiver, barrel and breech blockwill then be together moved back to the normal positions shown in Fig# 1. rl`he initial forwardmovement of the breech block, which, as `*just stated, takes place while the barrel and receiver remain in the position shown in Fig. 3,causes the portion 35'c1 of the push bar 35 (see particularly Figs. 6 and 7 which passes between the magazine fingers 9,- to engage the rim of the uppermost cartridge in the magazine and forces the saine forward out of the magazine and into the breech end of the barrel. The ejector dog 33 engages the rim of the positioned cartridge as the breech block rengages with the breech of the barrel.

y When the receiver 2 is in its rearmost position its shoulder' 58 is engaged with the lug 27 on the trigger bar 26, and the trigger 1 assumes its normal operative position in respect to the scar and cocked hammer.

When the vlast shell has been forced from .the magazine, the upwardly rejecting pointed lug 6a of the magazine fo lower assumes a position shown in Fig. 3 in front of the v retracted breech block and thus locks the breech block, receiver and barrel under retracted positions.

Vhen the magazine is replaced in the handle iilled with the cartridges, one of the iingers 9 of said magazine again presses the head 29 back into normal position, thus causing the same to release the breech. It will thus be seen that aiter the last cartridge has been fired, the breech block, receiver and barrel.

are locked in their retracted positions and are released when the magazine filled with cartridges is again laced in the handle, and, when thus release( return to their normal positions and carry the irst cartridge into the barrel in automatic action.

It will be noted that the handle of the pistol is tapered u ward and is given such form that when tight y gripped in the hand it cannot ossibly slip out of the hand.

W at I claim is:

l. In an automatic istol, the combination with a recessed hand e and cartridge magazine. seated therein, said magazine having a spring-pressed follower and having in-turned stop fingers at the sides of' its open upper end, of a barrel and receiver rigidly connected and mounted for common receding movements on said handle, a receding breech block mounted in said receiver, a breech lock pivoted to said receiver and normally holdin said breech block against the breech of said barrel, a connection between said breech lock and said handle for retra'cting the former under receding'movements of said receiver, barrel and breech block, a yielding device for restoring said receiver, barrel and breech lock to normal positions, and an independent yielding device for restoring said breech block to normal position in respect to said barrel and receiver, a projection on said breech block working between the stop fingers of said magazine to force the u per cartridge from the magazine into-the E ejector carried by said breech block; and a trigger released hammer arranged to be arrel, a shellv cocked by a receding movement of said barrel and receiver, substantially as described.

2. In an automatic gun, the combination with a barrel, a receding receiver and a receding breech block, of a spring actuated hammer, a Sear for holding said hammer cocked, a trigger having Aa yielding tripping abutment operative on a projection' of said scar to release said hammer, and means whereby said trigger will be held in a retracted position when said receiver is retracted, substantially` as described.

3. In an automatic gun, the combination with a handle and cartridge magazine therein, of a spring actuated hammer, a sear for holding said hammer in its cocked position, a trigger provided with a rigidly secured slidably extended bar and having a yielding tripping abutment operative on a projection of said sear to release said hammer, and a safety lock operative on the rear end portion of said trigger bar and having a lever that projects at the rear upper ortion of saidhandle, substantially as descrlbed.

et. In an automatic gun, the combination with a barrel and receiver yieldingly mounted for common receding movements, a breech block yieldingly mounted in said receiver, a cartridge magazine having a yieldingly pressed follower arranged tozlock said breech block, receiver and barrel in retracted positions after the last cartridge has been iired, and a latch operative to lock said breech block, receiver and barrel in retracted positions when the cartridge magazine is removed from working position, and which latch isheld inoperative when said magazine is in operative position, whereby the irst cartridge from the loaded magazinewill be automatically delivered into said barrel,vim mediately after the loaded magazine has been placed in working position, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' RICHARD E. FLYBERG. Witnesses:

H. D. KILGORE, MALIE HoEL. 

